Everyone needs to know how the human papilloma virus is transmitted. Is this the only way to protect yourself from dangerous diseases? Papillomas are often not given special importance. Many people believe that if a growth appears on the body, the same will disappear. This mistake haunts humanity and the consequences can be undesirable.
Papilloma tissue tends to grow, leading to the spread of papilloma virus throughout the body. Sometimes its individual strains can cause cancer.
What is the human papilloma virus
This virus is a chronic manifestation of a variety of diseases that can affect people at any age. In medical practice, there are two types of this virus, one of which does not pose a high risk of dangerous diseases, and a virus with a high risk.
Less dangerous viruses are papillomas and warts of subtypes 6 and 11, and dangerous viruses are 16 and 18. It is the latter that causes cell mutations and the development of cancer.
Papilloma virus multiplies on the skin and its mucous membranes. This results in the following growths on the skin:
- warts;
- warts;
- papillomas in the mouth and larynx;
- Papillomas on the internal organs.
There are many cases where papillomas become the cause of cervical cancer in women as well as male genital cancer. To avoid such consequences, it is necessary to know the modes of transmission of the disease.
How a virus enters the human body
The infection spreads through the human mucosa or skin. In the absence of acute diseases, the papilloma does not appear in any way and no growths form on the surface of the skin.
If the skin develops growths of different colors, it indicates a precancerous condition, when the human skin and the whole body suffer from a malignancy or immunity is significantly reduced.
The "favorite" places for bacteria to enter are incisions, scratches and other skin lesions through which the virus can enter.
The likelihood of infection increases if:
- A person has a cold or other cause that causes a significant decrease in immunity.
- Intestinal or female genital dysbacteriosis is observed. In this case, the death of the beneficial microflora occurs and is replaced by harmful microorganisms, in this case the human papillomavirus infection.
- Presence of sexually transmitted diseases.
- Recurrence of chronic diseases.
- Stress, depression that reduces a person's protection against viruses.
People with nicotine addiction and women taking birth control pills are most commonly affected.
Virus pathways
If a person has no symptoms, it does not mean that there is no papilloma virus. The initial stage, when there is no growth yet, can be diagnosed using the latest equipment. There are several types of transmission of dangerous microorganisms in medicine.
Both men and women can be infected with a dangerous virus. The following transfer methods are distinguished:
Sexually
This is the most common method of infection. Only one intercourse and the papilloma virus can infect an infected person into a healthy person. It did not matter whether the contact was oral, vaginal or anal. The risk remains.
Many people are interested in whether the human papillomavirus is transmitted from woman to man. The disease is most often diagnosed in men, and a large proportion of women are able to become carriers. In this case, the genitals or oral mucosa, where genital warts have appeared, becomes the location of the bacteria. In this case, there is a 100% risk of infection.
During anal sex, papillomas form on the anus. Especially if there is any damage or injury. If your partner has genital warts, even using a condom will not provide complete protection.
Factors contributing to the disease include:
- early onset of sexual intercourse;
- Frequent changes of sexual partners
- warts or warts on the sexual partner.
Oral sex is the most common method of infecting 16 and 18 types of papillomas. In this case, the virus enters the human body through various wounds or other lesions of the oral mucosa. Multiplying in the mouth without qualified treatment has a high chance of developing neck cancer. To avoid such effects, you must use a condom.
If the localization of the virus is human skin, a condom will not help here. Papilloma is transmitted from direct contact with human skin on which warts and warts are located.
By household
In this case, the infection occurs in the following ways:
- Using the same towel, soap and other personal care products with a person with warts on their hands. Pathology occurs when there are injuries and abrasions on the body.
- The use of a single toothbrush or container leads to infection through the patient's saliva.
- The clothes of an infected person can also become a source of the virus and carry a healthy person.
- Self-infection during shaving, epilation and other methods. The disease develops when the wart is damaged by a razor or other object that did not previously pose any danger. In the event of damage, this growth leads to neoplasmic development, which can pose a significant threat to human health.
Infection in public places by contacting infected people
In medical practice, there have been reports of the virus being transmitted through blood transfusions, genital warts removal surgeries, when doctors inadvertently spread the focus of infection throughout the body, and poor sterilization of manicure tools in salons.
Mother-to-child transmission of viruses
Human papilloma is not a congenital disease, but there is a risk that it will be passed from mother to child. When carrying a baby, the risk of passing the virus is minimal, but if the placenta is damaged or other changes occur, the papilloma may pass to the unborn baby.
The virus will pass through the placenta because the fetus has not yet developed bronchi and alveoli. In this case, the child develops respiratory papillomatosis. If the baby has breathing problems after birth, a test is performed to determine drug treatment or surgery. The latter option is used much more often because it has a better chance of being cured.
Therefore, when planning a pregnancy, all necessary tests should be passed to rule out the risk of developing papilloma.
It is very likely that the baby will be infected with the virus as it passes through the birth canal. The consequence is the appearance of genital warts in the child's mouth and larynx, which causes various disorders of the respiratory system and a decrease in immunity.
If a woman's genitals were found to have papillomas before giving birth, then the birth is performed artificially to reduce the risk of the baby becoming infected.
Another way to infect a baby from its mother is to breastfeed. In this case, the child develops respiratory papillomatosis, which is treated immediately.
Signs of viruses and feminine viruses
In women, the virus passes through the cervix, rectum or mouth. If the sexual partners change frequently, the risk of infection increases to a maximum. The consequences of the disease can be infertility, cancer and many other ailments.
In men, the papillomavirus most commonly affects the scrotum, genital head, anus, or mouth. In men, the disease can be asymptomatic, and only after severe stress or a decrease in immunity can the development of the papillomavirus.
The dangerous moment for HPV in men is the development of male genital or anal cancer.
Hygiene, a healthy lifestyle and a loyal sexual partner are essential to prevent the virus from entering the human body.