Papillomavirus infection is one of the most common viral diseases of the skin and mucous membranes. Almost every person has encountered one or another of its manifestations at least once in his life. More than 100 types of human papillomavirus (HPV) are known, each of which causes neoplasms of a certain type and location: papillomas on the body, mucous membranes, curved and flat warts on the hands and feet, genital warts and other formations. Papillomas can be single or multiple. Choosing an effective remedy for papillomas is not an easy task, so it is better to entrust it to a dermatovenerologist.
Types of HPV drugs
Medicines used in the treatment of HPV are divided into the following groups:
- Antiviral agents.
- Immunostimulators.
- Agents for the destruction of neoplasms.
First of all, you need to determine the nature of the neoplasm: sometimes it is difficult to distinguish a papilloma from a mole or condyloma. Then, using PCR analysis, determine the type of virus, because some of them contribute to the development of malignant tumors. Medicines against papilloma can be used in combination or separately.
Antiviral agents
Drug treatment of skin neoplasms caused by HPV is rarely done without drugs of this group. They have a harmful effect on the virus, prevent its reproduction, and also have an immunomodulatory effect.
Especially popular are pharmaceutical preparations, which are produced in several dosage forms: injections, tablets, suppositories, ointments and gels. Usually, local application can be sufficient for individual formations.
Antiviral ointments and gels are prescribed before and after laser therapy, electrocoagulation procedures, and after them ensure high treatment efficiency and prevention of recurrence.
What are the indications for the appointment of systemic drugs against the virus:
- High and potentially high oncological risk HPV infection confirmed by PCR;
- multiple papillomas on the body (this indicates high HPV activity);
- primary and secondary immunodeficiency states (when the body is unable to cope with the viral load on its own).
Antiviral drugs (injections and tablets) are contraindicated:
- during pregnancy;
- during lactation;
- with individual intolerance.
Most medicines are available by prescription.
What antiviral drugs are considered the most effective and able to get rid of papilloma?
Inosine tablets
The drug is available in tablets. Today, it is one of the most popular ways to treat papilloma. The active substance is inosine (purine derivative). This has a complex effect:
- blocks viral enzymes, causing its death;
- activates interferon production;
- activates lymphocytes;
- inhibits the production of inflammatory mediators.
2 tablets a day for 2 weeks are prescribed, if necessary, it is possible to extend the course of treatment up to a month. Can be used by children older than 3 years.
Nausea, headache, exacerbation of gout may occur during admission.
Medicines based on meglumine acridone acetate
The drug is available in two forms: injections and tablets. The active substance is meglumine acridone acetate. The mechanism of action is interferon induction.
Effects:
- antiviral agent;
- immunomodulatory;
- anti-inflammatory agent.
Intramuscular drug injections are performed every other day, up to 10 injections per course.
Means based on a glycoside isolated from the stems of nightshade
Release form: solution for intravenous injections, ointment, gel spray for the treatment of the oral cavity, intimate gel spray for the treatment of papillomas on the genitals. The active ingredient is a glycoside isolated from evening primrose stems.
This is a modern anti-virus with a wide spectrum of action:
- anti-inflammatory,
- immunomodulatory,
- promotes tissue regeneration.
Intravenous injections are prescribed according to the scheme: the first 3 times in 2 days, the next 5 times in 3 days. Topical formulations and injections are generally well tolerated. It is allowed to use ointment and gel during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
Immunostimulators
Multiple papillomas often indicate a malfunction of the body. Medicines of this group have a stimulating effect on the immune system. Before use, an immunologist's consultation and an additional test (immunogram) are required.
Immunostimulators themselves cannot get rid of the external manifestations of the human papillomavirus. But with confirmed immunodeficiency, they should be included in the HPV treatment complex. They are compatible with antiviral drugs, antibiotics, antifungal drugs.
It is forbidden to use immunostimulators:
- during pregnancy;
- lactation;
- individual intolerance.
They are sold in pharmacies by prescription. Which of the drugs in this group are the most effective?
Compositions for the destruction of papillomas
Medicines of this group have a direct medical effect on the papilloma. They contain aggressive components that destroy epithelial cells. Which ones are the most popular among doctors and patients and can get rid of HPV-related skin growths?
Freezing medicine
Papilloma is affected by a temperature of -57 ° C, which causes a violation of its blood supply and necrosis. Medicines are sold in pharmacies without a prescription.
The product should not be used on areas with delicate skin (face, armpit area, intimate areas) and mucous membranes.
The kit includes a bottle of propane and dimethyl ether mixture, a plastic holder and foam rubber applicators. Several formations can be processed in one session. The exposure time depends on the size of the papilloma, but it should not exceed 40 seconds. Papilloma falls off within 10-14 days. 1 to 4 procedures are required to remove the formation.
Drops based on methacrisol
Drops for external use with the included applicator. These are relatively new effective drugs against papillomas. The main ingredient is metacresol. It has a cauterizing effect, it leads to the death of the virus and the destruction of the tumor.
The drug is applied to the elements very carefully, in the direction. If a drop of the solution gets on healthy surrounding tissue, it should be removed immediately with a dry cotton swab. Small papillomas on the body are treated once, larger ones 3-4 times, with an interval of several minutes, after the previous layer has dried.
It is not possible to treat papillomas located in the skin folds, in the spaces between the fingers, with drugs.
It is better to entrust the removal of neoplasms in the anogenital area to a medical professional.
A preparation based on a mixture of acids
The form of release is a bottle with a solution, a plastic applicator for local use and a glass capillary for the treatment of large surfaces.
The drug contains a mixture of acids: trichloroacetic acid, oxalic acid, nitric acid and lactic acid. Drops of the solution cause a chemical burn of the tissue, which leads to mummification of the papilloma.
The product is gently applied to the affected area until it changes color. After the effect of these drugs on the papilloma, a crust forms on its surface, which disappears after 10-12 days. If the effect is insufficient, the procedure should be repeated.
Treatment results
After taking the drug, the DNA of the virus remains in the human body. The purpose of using papilloma drugs is to get rid of external manifestations, strengthen immunity and achieve the transition of HPV infection to a latent form. With individual formations on the body, only a local effect is possible. In other cases, its efficiency is 25-50%.
What conditions are necessary to achieve the best result?
- full diagnostics;
- combined approach to treatment;
- choosing the optimal treatment regimen.
Therefore, the key to successful treatment of the papilloma virus is to seek medical help in time. There are many drugs against papilloma, and a specialist should determine in each case which one is best for a person.